The CPSTF finding is based on evidence from a systematic review published in 2013 (Uhlig et al., 52 studies, search period through February 2013). Twenty-five studies included in the review examined the effects of self-measured blood pressure monitoring interventions when combined with additional support where patients received patient counseling, education, or web-based support in addition to receiving self-measured blood pressure tools, monitoring, and training.
Reference
- Uhlig K, Patel K, Ip S, et al. Self-measured blood pressure monitoring in the management of hypertension. Annals of Internal Medicine 2013, 159(3):185-194.
The number of studies and publications do not always correspond (e.g., a publication may include several studies or one study may be explained in several publications).
Artinian NT, Flack JM, Nordstrom CK, et al. Effects of nurse-managed telemonitoring on blood pressure at 12-month follow-up among urban African Americans. Nurs Res 2007;56(5):312-22.
Artinian NT, Washington OG, Templin TN. Effects of home telemonitoring and community-based monitoring on blood pressure control in urban African Americans: a pilot study. Heart Lung 2001;30(3):191-9.
Binstock ML, Franklin KL. A comparison of compliance techniques on the control of high blood pressure. Am J Hypertens 1988;1(3 Pt 3):192S-4S.
Bosworth HB, Olsen MK, Grubber JM, et al. Two self-management interventions to improve hypertension control: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2009;151(10):687-95.
Bosworth HB, Powers BJ, Olsen MK, et al. Home blood pressure management and improved blood pressure control: results from a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 2011;171(13):1173-80.
Dejesus RS, Chaudhry R, Leutink DJ, Hinton MA, Cha SS, Stroebel RJ. Effects of efforts to intensify management on blood pressure control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a pilot study. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2009;5:705-11.
Earle KA, Istepanian RS, Zitouni K, Sungoor A, Tang B. Mobile telemonitoring for achieving tighter targets of blood pressure control in patients with complicated diabetes: a pilot study. Diabetes Technol Ther 2010;12(7):575-9.
Earp JA, Ory MG, Strogatz DS. The effects of family involvement and practitioner home visits on the control of hypertension. Am J Public Health 1982;72(10):1146-54.
Friedman RH, Kazis LE, Jette A, et al. A telecommunications system for monitoring and counseling patients with hypertension. Impact on medication adherence and blood pressure control. Am J Hypertens 1996;9(4 Pt 1):285-92.
Gran B. Non-pharmacological methods reduce drug use in the treatment of hypertension. A two-year trial in general practice. Scand J Prim Health Care 1991;9(2):121-8.
Green BB, Cook AJ, Ralston JD, et al. Effectiveness of home blood pressure monitoring, Web communication, and pharmacist care on hypertension control: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008;299(24):2857-67.
Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Gibson ES, et al. Improvement of medication compliance in uncontrolled hypertension. Lancet 1976;1(7972):1265-8.
Johnson AL, Taylor DW, Sackett DL, Dunnett CW, Shimizu AG. Self-recording of blood pressure in the management of hypertension. Can Med Assoc J 1978;119(9):1034-9.
Magid DJ, Ho PM, Olson KL, et al. A multimodal blood pressure control intervention in 3 healthcare systems. Am J Manag Care 2011;17(4):e96-103.
Marquez Contreras E, Martel Claros N, Gil Guillen V, et al. [Control of therapeutic inertia in the treatment of arterial hypertension by using different strategies]. Aten Primaria 2009;41(6):315-23.
McManus RJ, Mant J, Bray EP, et al. Telemonitoring and self-management in the control of hypertension (TASMINH2): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010;376(9736):163-72.
Muhlhauser I, Sawicki PT, Didjurgeit U, Jorgens V, Trampisch HJ, Berger M. Evaluation of a structured treatment and teaching programme on hypertension in general practice. Clin Exp Hypertens 1993;15(1):125-42.
Parati G, Omboni S, Albini F, et al. Home blood pressure telemonitoring improves hypertension control in general practice. The TeleBPCare study. J Hypertens 2009;27(1):198-203.
Park MJ, Kim HS, Kim KS. Cellular phone and Internet-based individual intervention on blood pressure and obesity in obese patients with hypertension. Int J Med Inform 2009;78(10):704-10.
Pierce JP, Watson DS, Knights S, Gliddon T, Williams S, Watson R. A controlled trial of health education in the physician's office. Prev Med 1984;13(2):185-94.
Rinfret S, Lussier MT, Peirce A, et al. The impact of a multidisciplinary information technology-supported program on blood pressure control in primary care. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2009;2(3):170-7.
Rudd P, Miller NH, Kaufman J, et al. Nurse management for hypertension. A systems approach. Am J Hypertens 2004;17(10):921-7.
Sawicki PT, Muhlhauser I, Didjurgeit U, Baumgartner A, Bender R, Berger M. Intensified antihypertensive therapy is associated with improved survival in type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy. J Hypertens 1995;13(8):933-8.
Shea S. The Informatics for Diabetes and Education Telemedicine (IDEATel) project. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 2007;118:289-304.
Zillich AJ, Sutherland JM, Kumbera PA, Carter BL. Hypertension outcomes through blood pressure monitoring and evaluation by pharmacists (HOME study). J Gen Intern Med 2005;20(12):1091-6.
Additional Studies Linked to Included Studies
- Shea S, Weinstock RS, Starren J, et al. A randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in older, ethnically diverse, medically underserved patients with diabetes mellitus. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006;13(1):40-51.
- Shea S, Weinstock RS, Teresi JA, et al. A randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in older, ethnically diverse, medically underserved patients with diabetes mellitus: 5 year results of the IDEATel study. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2009;16(4):446-56.
Included Studies - Economic Review
The number of studies and publications do not always correspond (e.g., a publication may include several studies or one study may be explained in several publications).
SMBP with Additional Support
Bondmass M, Bolger N, Castro G, Avitall B. The effect of home monitoring and telemanagement on blood pressure control among African Americans. Telemedicine Journal 2000;6(1):15-23.
Fishman PA, Cook AJ, Anderson ML, Ralston JD, Catz SL, et al. Improving BP control through electronic communications: an economic evaluation. American Journal of Managed Care 2013;19(9):709-16.
Friedman RH, Kazis LE, Jette A, Smith MB, Stollerman J, et al. A telecommunications system for monitoring and counseling patients with hypertension. Impact on medication adherence and blood pressure control. American Journal of Hypertension 1996;9(4 Pt 1):285-92.
Kaambwa B, Bryan S, Jowett S, Mant J, Bray EP, et al. Telemonitoring and self-management in the control of hypertension (TASMINH2): a cost-effectiveness analysis. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2014;21(12):1517-30.
Madsen LB, Christiansen T, Kirkegaard P, Pedersen EB. Economic evaluation of home blood pressure telemonitoring: a randomized controlled trial. Blood Pressure 2011;20(2):117-25.
Parati G, Omboni S, Albini F, Piantoni L, Giuliano A, et al. Home blood pressure telemonitoring improves hypertension control in general practice. The TeleBPCare study. Journal of Hypertension 2009;27(1):198-203.
Stoddart A, Hanley J, Wild S, Pagliari C, Paterson M, et al. Telemonitoring-based service redesign for the management of uncontrolled hypertension (HITS): cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2013;3(5).
Trogdon JG, Larsen B, Larsen D, Salas W, Snell M. Cost-effectiveness evaluation of a collaborative patient education hypertension intervention in Utah. Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2012;14(11):760-6.
SMBP with Team-Based Care
Artinian NT, Washington OG, Templin TN. Effects of home telemonitoring and community-based monitoring on blood pressure control in urban African Americans: a pilot study. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care 2001;30(3):191-9.
Billups SJ, Moore LR, Olson KL, Magid DJ. Cost-effectiveness evaluation of a home blood pressure monitoring program. American Journal of Managed Care 2014;20(9):e380-7.
Bosworth HB, Olsen MK, Grubber JM, Neary AM, Orr MM, et al. Two self-management interventions to improve hypertension control: a randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 2009;151(10):687-95.
Bosworth HB, Powers BJ, Olsen MK, McCant F, Grubber J, et al. Home blood pressure management and improved blood pressure control: results from a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal Medicine 2011;171(13):1173-80.
Fishman PA, Cook AJ, Anderson ML, Ralston JD, Catz SL, et al. Improving BP control through electronic communications: an economic evaluation. American Journal of Managed Care 2013;19(9):709-16.
Johannesson M, Aberg H, Agreus L, Borgquist L, Jonsson B. Cost-benefit analysis of non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension. Journal of Internal Medicine 1991;230(4):307-12.
Maciejewski ML, Bosworth HB, Olsen MK, Smith VA, Edelman D, et al. Do the benefits of participation in a hypertension self-management trial persist after patients resume usual care? Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 2014;7(2):269-75.
Margolis KL, Asche SE, Bergdall AR, Dehmer SP, Groen SE, et al. Effect of home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist management on blood pressure control: a cluster randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013;310(1):46-56.
Palmas W, Shea S, Starren J, Teresi JA, Ganz ML, et al. Medicare payments, healthcare service use, and telemedicine implementation costs in a randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in medically underserved participants with diabetes mellitus (IDEATel). Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2010;17(2):196-202.
Reed SD, Li Y, Oddone EZ, Neary AM, Orr MM, et al. Economic evaluation of home blood pressure monitoring with or without telephonic behavioral self-management in patients with hypertension. American Journal of Hypertension 2010;23(2):142-8.
Shea S, Weinstock RS, Starren J, Teresi J, Palmas W, et al. A randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in older, ethnically diverse, medically underserved patients with diabetes mellitus. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2006;13(1):40-51.
Shea S, Weinstock RS, Teresi JA, Palmas W, Starren J, et al. A randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in older, ethnically diverse, medically underserved patients with diabetes mellitus: 5 year results of the IDEATel study. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2009;16(4):446-56.
Wang V, Smith VA, Bosworth HB, Oddone EZ, Olsen MK, et al. Economic evaluation of telephone self-management interventions for blood pressure control. American Heart Journal 2012;163(6):980-6. The following papers were linked:
- Bosworth et al., 2009 and Reed et al., 2010
- Bosworth et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2012, and Maciejewski, et al. 2014
- Palmas et al., 2010, Shea et al., 2006, and Shea et al., 2009
The following outlines the search strategy used for reviews of assessments of self-measured blood pressure monitoring when used alone and when combined with additional support.
The CPSTF findings are based on evidence from a systematic review published in 2013 (Uhlig et al., 52 studies). Uhlig and colleagues searched MEDLINE (inception to 8 February 2013) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (fourth quarter 2012) without language restriction.
The full search strategy reported below is included in the publication:
Uhlig K, Patel K, Ip S, et al. Self-measured blood pressure monitoring in the management of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159:185-194.
Search Number |
Searches |
SMBP Monitoring |
1 |
exp Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/ |
2 |
exp Blood Pressure Monitors/ |
3 |
exp Blood Pressure/ |
4 |
exp hypertension/ |
5 |
exp Self Care/ |
6 |
(3 or 4) and 5 |
7 |
((blood pressure or hypertens$) and self and (measure$ or monitor$ or care or manage$)).mp |
8 |
1 or 2 or 6 or 7 |
Comparative studies |
9 |
randomized controlled trial.pt. |
10 |
controlled clinical trial.pt |
11 |
randomized controlled trials/ |
12 |
Random Allocation/ |
13 |
Double-blind Method/ |
14 |
Single-Blind Method/ |
15 |
clinical tiral.pt |
16 |
Clinical Trials.mp. or exp Clinical Trials/ |
17 |
(clinic$ adj25 trial$).tw. |
18 |
((singl$ or doubl$ or tebl$ or tripl$) adj (mask$ or blind$)).tw. |
19 |
Placebos/ |
20 |
placebo$.tw. |
21 |
random$.tw. |
22 |
trial$.tw. |
23 |
(randomized control trial or clinical control trial).sd. |
24 |
(latin adj square).tw. |
25 |
Comparative Study.tw. or Comparative Study.pt. |
26 |
exp Evaluation studies/ |
27 |
Follow-Up Studies/ |
28 |
Prospective Studies/ |
29 |
(control$ or prospective$ or volunteer$).tw. |
30 |
Cross-Over Studies/ |
31 |
or/9-30 |
Cohorts |
32 |
exp cohort studies/ or exp prospective studies/ or exp retrospective studies/ or exp epidemiologic studies/ or exp case-control studies/ |
33 |
(cohort or retrospective or prospective or longitudinal or observational or follow-up or followup registry).af. |
34 |
case-control.af. or (case adj10 control).tw. |
35 |
ep.fs. |
36 |
32 or 33 or 34 or 35 |
Limits |
37 |
8 and (31 or 36) |
38 |
limit 37 to humans [Limit not valid in CDSR, CCTR; records were retained] |
39 |
limit 38 to yr_"1888 – 2000" |
40 |
remove duplicates from 39 |
41 |
limit 37 to yr_"2001-2008" |
42 |
remove duplicates from 41 |
43 |
limit 37 to yr_"2009-current" |
44 |
remove duplicates from 43 |
Final |
45 |
or/40, 42, 44 |
Added terms |
46 |
(home adj20 blood pressure).mp. [mp_title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier] |
47 |
or/9-45 |
48 |
46 and 47 |
49 |
(exp telemedicine/ or exp self-examination) and (exp Blood pressure/ or exp Hypertension/) |
50 |
47 and 49 |
51 |
45 or 48 or 50 |
Search Strategy - Economic Review
This literature search was performed to provide studies on the economics of self-measured blood pressure monitoring interventions for the treatment and control of high blood pressure.
Six bibliographic databases were searched during March 2015, using the terms listed below. The following databases were searched: Medline, Cochrane (trials, systematic reviews, and economic evaluations), EconLit, and the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Years of publication from 1970 – March, 2015 were covered, and the types of documents retrieved by the searched included journal articles, books, book chapters, reports, and conference papers.
Search terms and search strategies were adjusted to each database, based on controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies and search software. Once the literature search was completed, Community Guide staff reviewed the citations using inclusion and exclusion criteria to narrow down the publications to be included.
Database: Medline (OVID) (Includes Medline In-Process)
Date Searched: 3/25/2015
Results: 855/841 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
- exp blood pressure monitoring, ambulatory/
- exp blood pressure monitors/
- exp blood pressure/
- exp hypertension/
- exp self care/
- ((blood pressure or hypertens$) and self and (measure$ or monitor$ or care or manage$)).mp.
- randomized controlled trial.pt.
- controlled clinical trial.pt.
- randomized controlled trials/
- random allocation/
- double-blind method/
- single-blind method/
- clinical trial.pt.
- clinical trials.mp. or exp clinical trial/
- (clinic$ adj25 trial$).tw.
- ((singl$ or doubl$ or trebl$ or tripl$) adj (mask$ or blind$)).tw.
- placebo$.tw.
- Placebos/
- random$.tw.
- trial$.tw.
- (randomized contro$l trial$l or clinical control$ trial$).mp.
- (latin adj square).tw.
- comparative study.tw. or comparative study.pt.
- exp evaluation studies/
- follow-up studies/
- prospective studies/
- (control$ or prospectiv$ or volunteer$).tw.
- Cross-Over Studies/
- exp cohort studies/ or exp prospective studies/ or exp retrospective studies/ or exp epidemiologic studies/ or exp case-control studies/
- (cohort or retrospective or prospective or longitudinal or observational or follow-up or followup or registry).af.
- case-control.af. or (case adj10 control).tw.
- ep.fs.
- (home adj20 blood pressure).mp.
- exp telemedicine/
- exp self-examination/
- exp blood pressure/
- exp hypertension/
- (cost or costs or economic or economics).mp.
- exp Economics/
- exp "Costs and Cost Analysis"/
- 3 or 4
- 5 and 41
- 1 or 2 or 6 or 42
- 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28
- 29 or 30 or 31 or 32
- 44 or 45
- 43 and 46
- 44 or 45 or 47
- 33 and 48
- 34 or 35
- 36 or 37
- 50 and 51
- 48 and 52
- 47 or 49 or 53
- 38 or 39 or 40
- 54 and 55
Database: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
Date Searched: 3/25/2015
Results: 220/69 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
#1
(hypertension or "blood pressure") and (self or telemedicine):ti,ab,kw or (hypertension or "blood pressure") near/20 home:ti,ab,kw or "ambulatory blood pressure monitoring":ti,ab,kw in Trials (Word variations have been searched)
#2
cost or costs or economic*
#3
#1 and #2
Database: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Date Searched: 3/25/2015
Results: 24/17 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
#1
(hypertension or "blood pressure") and (self or telemedicine):ti,ab,kw or (hypertension or "blood pressure") near/20 home:ti,ab,kw or "ambulatory blood pressure monitoring":ti,ab,kw
#2
cost or costs or economic*
#3
#1 and #2
Database: Cochrane Economic Evaluations
Date Searched: 3/25/2015
Results: 27/26 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
#1
(hypertension or "blood pressure") and (self or telemedicine):ti,ab,kw or (hypertension or "blood pressure") near/20 home:ti,ab,kw or "ambulatory blood pressure monitoring":ti,ab,kw
Database: EconLit (EBSCOhost)
Date Searched: 3/25/2015
Results: 53/45 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
Search modes - Boolean/Phrase
S6
S4 OR S5
S5
(S1 AND S2)
S4
(S1 AND S3)
S3
TX ambulatory
S2
TX self OR TX home OR TX telemedicine
S1
TX "blood pressure" OR TX hypertension
Database: Centre for Reviews & Dissemination – University of York
Date Searched: 3/15/205
Results: 293/241 after duplicates removed
Search Strategy:
Any Field: "blood pressure" or hypertension
AND
Any Field: self or home or ambulatory
AND
Any Field: cost or costs or economic*